<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847</id><updated>2011-09-05T05:54:02.731-07:00</updated><category term='Belajar Komputer'/><title type='text'>Suryandaru</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>10</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-6322808329261175822</id><published>2011-09-05T05:41:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-05T05:54:02.760-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Tahun 1432 H</title><content type='html'>Tahun 1432 H ini kami dianugerahi banyak kebaikan oleh Allah SWT.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kebaikan-kebaikan itu meliputi :&lt;br /&gt;1. Gadang insya Allah mulai rajin sholat wajib dan sunnah.&lt;br /&gt;2. Arsitek Undip bersedia menjalin kerja sama dengan DPD PERTUNI Jateng.&lt;br /&gt;3. Gadang bersedia menemani bapaknya menghadiri halal bihalal Udinus.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-6322808329261175822?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/6322808329261175822/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=6322808329261175822' title='0 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/6322808329261175822'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/6322808329261175822'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2011/09/tahun-1432-h.html' title='Tahun 1432 H'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-5246832802283238997</id><published>2011-07-08T07:36:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-08T07:43:57.063-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Mengajari Anak Matematika Dengan Pola Kebersamaan</title><content type='html'>Pada mulanya aku bingung cara mengajari anaakku matematika khususnya gunggung susun. Aku sudah berusaha memberi contoh dan cara mengerjakannya tetapi anakku hanya paham saat diajari dan lupa pada saat diberi soal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Selanjutnya aku memanfaatkan kebutaanku untuk mengajari anakku. Caranya aku minta istriku buat soal dan minta anakku membacakan selanjutnya menuliskan jawabannya. di sini yang berpikir adalah aku dan anakku hanya melihat cara bapaknya berpikir.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Beberapa minggu cara ini kulakukan dan Alhamdulillah anakku secara ajaib dapat memahami dan selanjutnya dapat mengerjakan matematika.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-5246832802283238997?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/5246832802283238997/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=5246832802283238997' title='0 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/5246832802283238997'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/5246832802283238997'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2011/07/mengajari-anak-matematika-dengan-pola.html' title='Mengajari Anak Matematika Dengan Pola Kebersamaan'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-8798169425490985439</id><published>2011-07-01T06:37:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-01T06:44:32.064-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Anakku Berebut Ngladeni Bapaknya</title><content type='html'>Sejak anakku mendengar pujianku kepada ibunya, bahwa ibu ENAK SAAT NYAMPUR SAMBEL DAN NASI. anakku selalu berusaha mendapat pujian bapaknya bahwa dia lebih enak jika nyampur sambel dan nasi jika dibanding ibunya.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-8798169425490985439?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/8798169425490985439/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=8798169425490985439' title='0 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/8798169425490985439'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/8798169425490985439'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2011/07/anakku-berebut-ngladeni-bapaknya.html' title='Anakku Berebut Ngladeni Bapaknya'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-6519138901818639482</id><published>2011-07-01T06:17:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-01T06:34:21.517-07:00</updated><title type='text'>ASEAN PEOPLE FORUM 2011</title><content type='html'>ASEAN People Forum aku ikuti sebagai wakil DPD PERTUNI Jawa Tengah bersama Edy Satyo Joewono. ASEAN People Forum diadakan di Hotel Ciputra Jakarta pada tanggal 2 hingga 5 Mei 2011.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;STATEMENT OF THE 2011 ASEAN CIVIL SOCIETY CONFERENCE / ASEAN PEOPLES’ FORUM&lt;br /&gt;We, more than 1,300 delegates at the 2011 ASEAN Civil Society Conference/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum, representing various civil society organizations and , movements of workers from rural and urban sectors as well as migrant sector, peasants and farmers, women, children, youth, the elderly, people with disabilities, people affected by leprosy, urban poor, indigenous peoples, ethnic minorities, traditional fishers, refugees, stateless persons, people in exile, victims of human rights violations, domestic workers, Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender/Transsexual Intersex and Queer (LGBTIQ), sex workers, women in prostitution , drug users, people living with HIV/AIDS, human rights defenders and other vulnerable groups, gathered together in Jakarta, Indonesia, 3-5 May 2011 to discuss the main concerns confronting the peoples of ASEAN and developing key proposals for the 18th ASEAN Summit.&lt;br /&gt;We reaffirm the fundamental principles of democracy and rule of law, human rights and dignity, good governance, the best interests of the child, meaningful and substantive peoples’ participation, and sustainable development in the pursuit of economic, social, gender and ecological justice so as to bring peace and prosperity to the ASEAN region.&lt;br /&gt;Human conditions and issues confronting the peoples cut across all current pillars of the ASEAN. ASEAN governments must adopt a more holistic approach with regards to development, equal and just treatment of the peoples, and harmonize its policies and practices of all its pillars. Furthermore, the principle of free, prior and informed consent of for all peoples, especially indigenous peoples must be pursued in the fulfilment of all political, economic and social agreements under the ASEAN. The ASEAN must ensure that its development initiatives do not further aggravate environmental hazards, destruction of traditional community coastal area lands and forest and global warming.&lt;br /&gt;ECONOMIC PILLAR&lt;br /&gt;While ASEAN recognizes the development asymmetries that exist in the region and the urgent need to narrow the development gap to ensure that economic benefits are felt by the poorest and marginalized sectors, its continued and aggressive push for neoliberal policies including free trade agreements (FTAs). These agreements are negotiated in almost total secrecy and devoid of people’s participation, and in the absence of clear mechanisms to coordinate trade policy at the regional level, poses a very serious threat to people’s rights to jobs and livelihood, food, health, access to medicines and education; and would undermine efforts to address poverty and inequality in the region.&lt;br /&gt;Extractive industries (hydrocarbon, coal and mineral) are important in the South East Asian context as they are vital for the ongoing socio-economic investment and development in the region – and are likely to be so in future. The challenge now facing most countries is how to make the operations of extractive industries transparent and accountable across all stages of the extractive decision-chain. This is a challenge requiring the attention of all stakeholders: governments, citizens and corporations alike.&lt;br /&gt;Current policies and programs on trade liberalization, as well as unjust taxation systems, have not protected the peoples of ASEAN and instead privilege business sector and investments such as various mega projects in coastal waters and along major rivers like deep sea ports, mega hydropower plants, sand mining, mining of mineral resources, establishment of large-scale plantations, which results in degradation of national resources and exacerbates the impacts global climate change in the region. This has resulted in increasing displacement of communities, erosion of culture, hunger, disease, malnutrition and poverty, deteriorating living conditions of farmers, fisher folk, indigenous people, workers, especially women and children.&lt;br /&gt;We call upon ASEAN and its member states to:&lt;br /&gt;1. Ensure that people’s needs and rights are at the heart of any economic development including trade arrangements through instituting and practicing political accountability on all economic decision-making processes, including bringing in civil society to participate as a full stakeholder, in order to arrive at equitable and sustainable development and trade systems. ASEAN has to abandon unjust free trade agreements and replace them with an alternative development paradigm that rejects neoliberal economic policies, in order to pursue justice for small farmers, fisher folks and workers, protection for the livelihood of rural communities and enhancement of food security, food sovereignty and food self-sufficiency of ASEAN countries.&lt;br /&gt;2. Conduct human rights, health, social and environmental impact assessments of all existing ASEAN FTAs and other trade and economic agreements and re-negotiate if necessary agreements that are proven to be detrimental to the regional and national development interests.&lt;br /&gt;3. Affirm ILO labor standards and Doha Declaration on Public Health in FTA negotiations. Eliminate contract and labor outsourcing system and stop discrimination among workers. Health rights of workers can only be realized if informal workers such as domestic workers are given full labor rights including days off to access health services. Ensure production and distribution of more affordable generic medicines. Reject FTAs as they support the privatization and commodification of health care services, and make health services expensive and inaccessible, and protect corporate interests at the expense of public health policy.&lt;br /&gt;4. Take firm action to stop land-grabbing, regulate investments in agriculture with priority given to poor farmers, and support land reform program to secure land rights of peasants, by establishing common policy framework and guidelines on agrarian reform and sustainable agriculture. Enact Land Use policies that promote sustainable resource management.&lt;br /&gt;5. To increase public investments for smallholder agriculture towards increasing food productivity through sustainable and agri-ecological farming systems, strengthening market-access initiatives to minimize food prices volatility, empowering peoples' organizations, and supporting the redistribution of arable lands to small food producers.  Support services must be adequately provided including seed, water, farm inputs, credit, social insurance, research and extension, education and capacity-building of farmers, basic infrastructure, storage and transportation, etc.&lt;br /&gt;6. ASEAN member states must develop social protection measure to cushion the effects of the food price crisis, especially to rural women and children, who are most vulnerable to the food price volatility.&lt;br /&gt;7. ASEAN member states must provide a conducive environment for income generation and employment opportunities for the poor as well as existence to link small farmers to markets, and build their capacities on ICT, market information, and enterprise managers.&lt;br /&gt;8. ASEAN member states must increase investment in research, education and program support in diversifying food production and dietary habits to reduce dependence on rice.&lt;br /&gt;9. In recognition of the principle of restorative justice, ensure that tax policies and programs appropriate tax funds for human rights, ecological and gender justice.&lt;br /&gt;10. To take immediate action to curb food speculations and strengthen regional cooperation on developing a more responsive Regional Food reserves that will help stabilize food supply and price. Moreover, it showed support national and community food reserves.&lt;br /&gt;11. In recognition of the principles of restorative justice, ensure that tax policies and programs support human rights, ideological and gender justice. &lt;br /&gt;12. Recognize and support environmentally sustainable and culturally appropriate local initiatives and traditional practices of farmers, fishers, indigenous communities and women to adapt to and mitigate climate change.  Extractive activities which adversely affect the resilience of farming and fishing communities need to be stopped.&lt;br /&gt;13. Work toward and adopt a comprehensive framework on extractive industry transparency. This framework could be served as the basis for the harmonization of policies and practices of oil, gas, and mineral of the member countries of ASEAN, thus ensuring that the existing internationally recognized standards pertaining to human rights, the environment is upheld, and the benefits generated by the extractive industries extend to all citizens in ASEAN, now and in the future. ASEAN to urge and encourage Burma to consider imposing a moratorium on mega-projects and extractive industries harmful to the Burmese people's housing and land rights.&lt;br /&gt;14. Discuss and implement guidelines on illegal, unregulated, and unreported fishing (IUU) in shared/common water bodies in the Southeast Asia Region in accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the UN-FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and must be recognized in the ASEAN Charter and Treaty of Amity and Cooperation.&lt;br /&gt;15. ASEAN trade policy on fishery product must consider the nature of fishery as an environmental good to protect fishing grounds, avoid the depletion of stocks and environmental degradation in coastal. ASEAN must consider consultation with fisher and coastal communities in drafting the ASEAN good aquaculture practices to ensure that fishers’ rights and the welfare of coastal communities are respected and avoid harm to natural resources.&lt;br /&gt;16. Push for the realization of access to water as a human right and halt and reverse the privatization and commodification of water to ensure the delivery of clean affordable water to communities.&lt;br /&gt;17. Recognize and address water injustices and the water crisis and take appropriate urgent steps in protecting people’s rights to water services and water resources.&lt;br /&gt;18. Adopt a rights-based approach to development and economic policies and uphold housing and human rights of peoples in the region. Member states must ensure that their land and housing policies are consistent with internationally accepted housing and human rights standards.&lt;br /&gt;19. Demand all ASEAN member states to allocate adequate financial and human resources and to take necessary measures for the realization and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals by 2015 as set out by the UN&lt;br /&gt;SOCIAL AND CULTURAL PILLAR&lt;br /&gt;We strongly urge ASEAN member states to sign and ratify the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and its Optional Protocol.&lt;br /&gt;Labour&lt;br /&gt;20. ASEAN member states must eliminate contract and labor outsourcing system and stop discrimination by giving all workers permanent employment status.&lt;br /&gt;21. We urge ASEAN to adopt welfare state systems to ensure social security for all peoples in the region&lt;br /&gt;22. ASEAN member states must allow all workers including migrants to establish independent and autonomous trade unions for the protection of labour rights. ASEAN member states must ensure that all migrant workers receive the full protection of labour laws in the countries, which they are working.&lt;br /&gt;23. ASEAN must act against attempts by employers to disguise or evade employment relationships to the detriment of labor or workers rights.&lt;br /&gt;24. ASEAN members must recognize domestic work as work and provide domestic workers full labour rights and legal protection. All ASEAN members should support and commit to the ILO Convention on Domestic Workers. We urge ASEAN to respect ILO Core Convention 87 and 98.&lt;br /&gt;Migrants&lt;br /&gt;25. As elaborated in Article 22 of the Declaration, we call on all state parties to make efforts to comply with the provision of the declaration; the Secretary General is to submit annual report cards in regard to the compliance of the states parties to the Declaration.&lt;br /&gt;26. All ASEAN member states should work together to fast-track the process of adopting a legally-binding instrument that protects and promotes the rights of ALL migrant workers and members of their families. This process must be transparent and actively involve migrant associations, trade unions and other representatives of civil society.&lt;br /&gt;27. Recognising the increasing numbers of women migrant workers in the region who are working in precarious conditions, states parties should remove reservations to the CEDAW and the CRC. At the same time, it should also recognize CEDAW General Recommendation 26, adopted in November 2008. The instrument should reflect this commitment to address the specific working and living conditions of all women migrants.&lt;br /&gt;28. All ASEAN member states must repeal policies of contractual termination and deportation on the ground s of pregnancy and communicable diseases, such as HIV/AIDS.&lt;br /&gt;29. States must provide social protection that includes provisions for health care and medical insurance, and that promote safe working environments for all migrant workers and their families.&lt;br /&gt;30. Given the movement of migrants in the ASEAN region, ASEAN must support a residence-based (as opposed to a citizenship-based) health care system. This requires universality and a single, high standard of health services.&lt;br /&gt;Refugees, IDPs and stateless people&lt;br /&gt;31. Every ASEAN STATE should refrain from repatriating refugees against the principles of non-refoulement, which is a peremptory norm of international law that forbids the expulsion of a refugee into an area where the person might be again subjected to persecution.&lt;br /&gt;32. Provide refugees with the same rights as citizens in keeping with principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights&lt;br /&gt;33. Set up clear policies for each type of people in need of protection namely asylum-seekers, refugees, statelessness people, internal displaced persons, economic migrants etc&lt;br /&gt;34. Provide cross-border aid to support IDPs in areas with a lack of access to humanitarian aid.&lt;br /&gt;35. Encourage non-signatory ASEAN states to sign, ratify, and implement the 1951 Refugee Convention its 1967 protocol and the 1954 Convention on the Status of Stateless persons, as well as the 1961 convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.&lt;br /&gt;36. Recognize children of refugees born in country of asylum through birth registration and birth certificates&lt;br /&gt;37. Encourage ASEAN countries to actively seek alternatives to detention of asylum-seekers, stateless and displaced persons, and refugees.&lt;br /&gt;Indigenous Peoples and Ethnic Minorities&lt;br /&gt;38. ASEAN member states must recognize IP/EM as distinct peoples with collective rights, rights to land, territories and natural resources, right to self determination including Free Prior and Informed Consent and the right of participation in all processes, programmes and plans affecting them at all levels, and such other rights laid down under the UNDRIP and ILO 169.&lt;br /&gt;39. ASEAN member states must acknowledge, recognize and protect the contribution of IP/EM in the protection and enhancement of biodiversity, protect their rights to sustainable livelihoods, food security and sovereignty; and protect their rights against the adverse effects of extractive industries and other projects with adverse socio-cultural and environment impacts and risks.&lt;br /&gt;40. ASEAN member states must establish an independent working group and monitoring oversight mechanism within AICHR to promote IP/EM rights&lt;br /&gt;41. ASEAN member states must promote and protect indigenous health knowledge practices and ensure the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) especially in health care, water and sanitation.  Their right to a healthy and balanced ecology must be respected and ensured.&lt;br /&gt;Women&lt;br /&gt;42. Emplace a quota system that will ensure meaningful participation of women in government, civil society organizations, and international organizations like ASEAN, as well as in the ASEAN integration process and in the ASEAN-EU relations, by not confining them to the socio-cultural pillar of ASEAN. Gender issues must especially be included in the economic pillar. Women must be at the heart of the ASEAN’s development agenda.&lt;br /&gt;43. ASEAN member states must remove all gender-biased policies of ASEAN and other bilateral and multilateral agreements, especially those that increase feminization of poverty, exploit natural resources, disrupt livelihood and employment, worsen trafficking and various industrial issues in ASEAN that further exacerbate women and LBT conditions.&lt;br /&gt;44. ASEAN must ensure a coherent and gender-responsive approach to human rights by implementing both international and ASEAN  human rights instruments, including an effective alignment of the functions and mandates of AICHR, ACWC, ACMW, and CEDAW with human rights mechanism at the national and international levels and across the ASEAN bodies, to promote, protect, and fulfil women’s human rights in all areas of life, including: young women, women with disabilities, LBT  women, adult sex workers, and women in armed conflict and militarization areas, through meaningful and continuous dialogue and participation of women, and paying attention to women’s voices and issues.&lt;br /&gt;45. ASEAN member states must end all forms of discrimination and violence against women, and governments must provide meaningful political recognition of the rights of women with disabilities, LBT women and adult sex workers as part of the women’s human rights; and also focus on women’s health, women living with HIV/AIDS, and protecting women human rights defender.&lt;br /&gt;46. ASEAN member states must support women empowerment agenda for women in order to improve women’s condition, particularly in situations of militarization and armed conflict.&lt;br /&gt;47. ASEAN member states must consistently act to stop and prevent women’s human rights violations caused by abuse of power and patriarchy, including for women who are refugees, IDPs and in places of detention. These measures must include provision of proper health care and protection, as they are vulnerable to sexual abuse, trafficking, forced labor and other forms of gender biased violence.&lt;br /&gt;48. ASEAN member states must fulfil women’s rights by unburdening them of care work, to free their time for paid work, leisure time, political action, and participation in development work. . ASEAN member states must adopt the three-8 system (8 hours of work, 8 hours of study and 8 hours of leisure) for the benefit of all women.&lt;br /&gt;49. Establish a regional tax fund for women in recognition of the discriminatory impacts of globalization and patriarchy towards restoration of equality and freedom and women.&lt;br /&gt;50. ASEAN must ensure that women affected by leprosy are equally treated with dignity further; it must end stigma and discrimination against them.&lt;br /&gt;Children&lt;br /&gt;51. ASEAN must develop and implement measures to ensure that the rights of children living in or from ASEAN member states, as expressed in the UNCRC and two Optional Protocols, are respected, protected, and fulfilled by states and other duty-bearers.&lt;br /&gt;52. ASEAN member states must ensure the right to participation of all children including children living with and/or affected by disabilities, HIV, leprosy and other health concerns, indigenous groups, affected and/or involved in armed conflict, affected by abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence, children affected by migration, and stateless children in all matters that affect them, is actively exercised in all settings including ASEAN. They must also create an enabling environment that supports ethical and meaningful child participation.&lt;br /&gt;53. All children whose rights have been violated should have access to redress mechanism and be provided with adequate care and support for their recovery and reintegration. We expect existing regional and mechanism in ASEAN, particularly AICHR and ACWC to develop and implement measures to ensure and improve measures to ensure and improve compliance of ASEAN member states to their human rights obligations.&lt;br /&gt;54. ASEAN member states should adopt and ratify an Optional Protocol to the UNCRC creating individual complaints mechanism without reservations and ensure is accessibility to victims of child rights violations.&lt;br /&gt;55. ASEAN must support establishment of national or regional child protection systems and mechanism, including the development of regional information system aimed at generating updated and verifiable information of child rights situations, ensure information-sharing and exchange between governments and civil society that would facilitate effective monitoring of governmental compliance.&lt;br /&gt;Youth&lt;br /&gt;56. ASEAN must immediately set up and enforce an independent regional youth council or commission, and meaningfully engage the youth in policy planning, implementing, monitoring, decision-making and reform of this body. The council or commission shall be involved in strategic, transparent, and accountable measures on education, employment, public health, and sustainable environment in local, national, and regional levels.&lt;br /&gt;57. ASEAN must ensure optimum reach of education, including aspects related to the promotion and protection of the environmental sustainability, community-based education, local wisdom, peace, democratic values, human rights and social justice to all segments of the population, especially marginalized groups – young women and girls, young people living with HIV, young ethnic minorities, young people with disabilities, young people affected by leprosy, young people living under poverty, young sex workers, and young people who use drugs and young LGBTIQ.&lt;br /&gt;58. ASEAN must promote entrepreneurship among ASEAN youth by providing skills training and a regional fund which must be easily accessed by all marginalized groups.&lt;br /&gt;LGBTIQ&lt;br /&gt;59. ASEAN member states must repeal all laws that directly and indirectly criminalize sexual orientation and gender identities (SOGI), recognize LGBTIQ rights as human rights and harmonize national laws, policies and practices with the Yogyakarta Principles.&lt;br /&gt;60. ASEAN member states must establish national level mechanisms and review existing regional human rights instruments (e.g. AICHR, ACWC) to include the promotion of the equal rights of all people regardless of SOGI with the active engagement of the LGBTIQ community.&lt;br /&gt;61. ASEAN member states must depathologize SOGI and promote psycho-social well being of people in diverse SOGI in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) standards, and ensure equal access to health and social services.&lt;br /&gt;Adult Sex Workers/Women in Prostitution&lt;br /&gt;62. ASEAN member countries must provide a comprehensive set of sexual and reproductive health and HIV services that covers prevention, treatment, support and care with a rights-based approach for adult sex workers.&lt;br /&gt;63. ASEAN member countries need to recognize sex workers as workers, and must address and prevent violence and other threats to the health and safety of adult sex workers and their families. Measures may include but are not limited to removing criminal and punitive laws and policies, reducing stigma, providing the protections and benefits available to other workers; access to services. There need be no differentiation between migrant and non migrant sex workers.&lt;br /&gt;64. ASEAN member countries must recognize that sex work is work and that adult sex workers and their families and friends face stigma and discrimination due to lack of acknowledgement by the states.&lt;br /&gt;Persons with Disabilities&lt;br /&gt;65. ASEAN must recognize the ASEAN Disability Forum (ADF) as a vehicle of persons with disabilities in the region and consult representatives of the Disabled People Organizations (DPOs) in policy planning, implementing, and monitoring policies that affect persons with disabilities, including Agent Orange victims.&lt;br /&gt;66. ASEAN must recognize the existence of multiple discriminations against women, children, and migrants with disabilities and address these issues in the implementation of three pillars of ASEAN.&lt;br /&gt;67. ASEAN must encourage all member states to ratify and implement the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and mainstream disabilities across all sectors including AICHR, ACWC and ACMW, and three pillars of ASEAN.&lt;br /&gt;68. ASEAN must adopt a policy to improve the access to health of persons with disabilities including reproductive health, health services, health insurance, and subsidizing additional cost on the grounds of disability.&lt;br /&gt;CSOs&lt;br /&gt;69. ASEAN must recognize the crucial role of CSOs in the development processes and respect their diversity, expertise and autonomy.&lt;br /&gt;70. ASEAN member states must commit to the minimum standards set by CSOs for an enabling environment for CSOs to reach their potential as equal development actors.&lt;br /&gt;71. ASEAN must recognize Civil Society’s Position Paper on ASEAN Guideline on Civil Society Engagement and institutionalize engagement between civil society and ASEAN states.&lt;br /&gt;Social Protection&lt;br /&gt;72. ASEAN must create a Social Protection and Health Promotion Fund that would ensure States fulfil their responsibilities to the peoples of the region.&lt;br /&gt;73. ASEAN must recognize and address as a priority the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), 80% of which adversely affect low and middle income countries.&lt;br /&gt;74. ASEAN must realize the ASEAN Charter provision on education and the Socio-Cultural Blueprint commitment to “achieve universal access to education across ASEAN by 2015” by allocating budget to create the ASEAN Fund for Education for All.&lt;br /&gt;75. ASEAN must facilitate the full implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) by States Parties and encourage the Indonesian government to accede to the convention in the best interest of its people.&lt;br /&gt;76. ASEAN must stop the privatization and commodification of health care services and provide free universal health care. Health is not a tradable or marketable item, commodity, or service; otherwise, it would lose its value as an essential right that everyone is entitled to. ASEAN must reject FTAs as they support the privatization and commodification of health care services, and make health services expensive and inaccessible. &lt;br /&gt;77. ASEAN must implement a universal pension for older people in the region.&lt;br /&gt;78. We strongly urge ASEAN member states to sign and ratify the ICESCR and all optional protocols.&lt;br /&gt;POLITICAL–SECURITY PILLAR&lt;br /&gt;ASEAN civil society envisions a region where people-centered governance takes seriously the wishes and aspirations of the peoples. It also envisions an ASEAN region that achieves people-centered integration as an alternative to the capital-led integration exemplified by the EU.&lt;br /&gt;The civil society of ASEAN acknowledges the human rights instruments established in the region. We also celebrate the achievement made in advancing the rights for women and children in ASEAN and recognise the existence of spaces for engagement. ASEAN governance however has not been driven by substantive ‘people-centered governance’, nor does ‘the act of governance’ by ASEAN member state governments.  A restrictive environment exists in ASEAN states for the meaningful participation and engagement of civil society organisations. Protection and promoting civil liberties in ASEAN countries are seriously challenged. Impunity for massive crimes remains. ASEAN member States are not taking sufficient steps to implement the ASEAN Charter and other documents, particularly relating to the protection of the rights of migrant workers, asylum seekers and refugees. Further ASEAN countries are beset with internal conflicts arising form historical injustices and the states’ militarist approach to dissent. This further exacerbates the already demeaning human rights situation of communities including women and children where armed conflict and militarization happen.&lt;br /&gt;These mainly due to the dominant view of ‘non-interference’, Asian values and idea of human rights as western value. We believe that torture, summary killing, forced disappearance, restrictions on freedom of expression and other serious violation of human rights are not the values of ASEAN countries. Those acts instead create challenges for civil society in South East Asia to engage with ASEAN governments. AICHR as a mechanism to uphold human rights is still young and needs to be strengthened to enable civil society engagement. It should also be noted that state of human rights in ASEAN countries do not stay within countries but bring effect to the region – including maintaining peace and security.&lt;br /&gt;Civil society believes that internal conflicts are a matter of regional concern and must be addressed with the participation of civil society and affected communities.&lt;br /&gt;Civil society recognises the interdependence and interrelation between civil liberties and economic, social and cultural rights. They are equally important and equally have to be protected and promoted. This includes social protection and the access of the people to health care and health information. The establishing of an accessible, universal health care system is social, economic and political questions. It is the question of how the conduct of governance takes into account the wishes and aspirations of the lower strata.&lt;br /&gt;In these regards, ASEAN civil society assert their right as an equal development actor and further develop their capacity to become more effective in their role as innovative agents of changes and social transformation.&lt;br /&gt;Civil society endeavours to strengthen its solidarity in particular by campaigning on freedom in Burma, freedom of expression and access to information in countries particularly in ASEAN countries, right to access to justice and strengthening human rights protection mechanisms at the regional level.&lt;br /&gt;We call upon ASEAN to act on the following recommendations:&lt;br /&gt;79. Burma:&lt;br /&gt;1. Civil Society Support the call for a UN Commission of Inquiry to conduct a study into widespread and systematic human rights violations in Burma.&lt;br /&gt;2. Refuse Burma the ASEAN chairmanship unless it meets the necessary minimum benchmarks that demonstrate that it is capable of governing a country in a transparent, democratic, and rights-based manner. These minimum benchmarks are: The cessation of attacks on ethnic communities; an immediate halt to all human rights violations and violations of international humanitarian law committed against civilians; Immediate and unconditional release of all political prisoners; end of all censorship and, genuine and inclusive tripartite dialogue, including a review of the 2008 Constitution.&lt;br /&gt;3. We also call upon ASEAN to provide humanitarian protection and assistance to refugees and other stateless people who have fled from Burma and engage with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, ethnic representatives, the National League for Democracy and other relevant stakeholders to support and facilitate the process of national reconciliation and dialogue.&lt;br /&gt;80. Indonesia: We call on the Government of Indonesia to investigate all human rights violations especially the Humanitarian Tragedy of 1965/66 Massacre during which 2 million people were killed and hundreds of thousands were imprisoned without trial. This gross and systematic violation of human rights on such a massive scale urgently needs to be investigated so that the truth may be established, the rights of victims to justice and reparations fulfilled, and the necessary apologies made. In this regard, we call for the establishment of a regional criminal court to obtain justice for victims of serious human rights violations in ASEAN.&lt;br /&gt;Peace and Security&lt;br /&gt;81. Strictly respect international laws, fully implement the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and accelerate efforts towards a Code of Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (CoC); more authority for Asean Secretariat; Practice peaceful process to solve conflicts.&lt;br /&gt;82. Make regional peace and security related to Asean peoples and their sovereignty; CSOs should play proactive role in ensuring regional peace and security.&lt;br /&gt;83. Design a mechanism for regional trust, not just among Asean governments but also among their peoples; Collectively engage China; Promote democracy, rule of laws and security governance; Turn Asean into a rule-based community; Promote greater transparency; Be cautious of external influences; Hold regular inner-Asean consultations on regional security; Designate mechanisms to regularly consult and work with CSOs. CSOs should push governments to stop wars and protect human security.&lt;br /&gt;84. Asean countries should take a more proactive role in helping solve the Thai-Cambodian conflict and maintain regional peace. Asean should pay attention to conflicts in its member countries as well. Listen to people affected by conflicts for solution.&lt;br /&gt;85. ASEAN under its Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) should address the Thailand-Cambodia border dispute. In doing so it must ensure the active participation of civil society with women given a greater role.&lt;br /&gt;86. There should be state obligation to protect, promote and fulfilled the rights of women, especially in armed conflict and militarization area&lt;br /&gt;87. There should be effective conflict resolution program in placed and ensured it’s implementation CS urge the implementation of UNSCR1325 which promotes participation of women in decision-making and peace processes gender perspectives and training in peacekeeping, protection of women gender mainstreaming in UN reporting systems &amp; programmatic implementation mechanisms&lt;br /&gt;Civil Liberties&lt;br /&gt;88. Push ASEAN to take steps to end impunity, including: coordinating a regional agreement on impunity, pushing AICHR to strengthen accountability and protection from within its mandate – perhaps through advocating for a regional system of justice as exists in all other regions of the globe. All ASEAN states should sign and ratify the Rome Statute on the International Criminal Court.&lt;br /&gt;89. ASEAN governments must comply with their human rights obligations and immediately put a stop to all forms of torture and all forms of degrading treatment and punishment.&lt;br /&gt;90. Improve regional monitoring and documentation of abuses within ASEAN so that all the information is publicly available.&lt;br /&gt;91. Repeal all laws that allow imprisonment or other forms of detention for speech, religious practices and other activities deemed contrary to the interests of the government or the ruling party.&lt;br /&gt;92. End censorship of the media and ensure the rights to freedom of expression for all.&lt;br /&gt;93. Form a strong Solidarity Committee on Freedom of Association in the ASEAN countries to be able to sit in equal position with the government.&lt;br /&gt;94. ASEAN must recognize the important role played by Human Rights Defender in the promotion and protection of human rights, which includes the highlighting of human rights violations.&lt;br /&gt;95. ASEAN reaffirm its commitment to the principles as confirmed in the UN Human Rights Defenders Declaration.&lt;br /&gt;96. ASEAN must ensure necessary protection be accorded to Human Rights Defenders to effectively carry out their role, including immunity from civil and criminal liability.&lt;br /&gt;97. Pressure on governments of ASEAN countries not to practice in union busting to make union focus on delivering their duties.&lt;br /&gt;98. To respect labour unions’ role to fight for labor rights, and allow migrant workers to join labor unions in the countries where they are working. Further, to allow more concrete communication towards the formulation of the strong ASEAN Regional Labour Union.&lt;br /&gt;99. All ASEAN member states must repeal policies of contract termination and deportation on the grounds of pregnancy and communicable diseases, such as HIV/AIDS. &lt;br /&gt;100. Repeal laws that directly and indirectly criminalize SOGI, recognize LGBTIQ rights as human rights, and harmonize national laws, policies and practices with the Yogyakarta Principles.&lt;br /&gt;101. Establish national level mechanisms and review existing regional human rights instruments (e.g. AICHR, ACWC) to include the promotion and protection of the equal rights of all people regardless of SOGI with the active engagement of the LGBTIQ community.&lt;br /&gt;102. Awareness raising for women’s human rights violations, by the abuse of power and patriarchy, especially for women as IDPs and in IDPs camps, to provide them with proper health care and protection since there are prone to sexual abuse, trafficking and other forms of gender based violence.&lt;br /&gt;103. Meaningful participation of women in the government, civil organizations and international organization like ASEAN, especially in the case of Burma after 2010 election were there only a few women that are in the parliament&lt;br /&gt;104. Given the movement of migrant workers in the ASEAN region, support a residence-based (as opposed to a citizenship-based) health care system. This requires universality and a single, high standard of health services.&lt;br /&gt;105. End human trafficking and other extreme forms of exploitation, especially where such exploitation takes place with the complicity of government officials.&lt;br /&gt;106. We strongly demand the ASEAN to immediately set up and enforce an independent regional youth council/commission meaningfully engaging the youth in policy planning, implementing, monitoring and reform. It shall be involved in strategic transparency and accountability measures on education, employment, public health and sustainable environment in local and national levels.&lt;br /&gt;Participation and public accountability&lt;br /&gt;107. Create mechanism for inclusive CSO participation in decision-making and designing of a sound and sustainable health program for ASEAN Peoples particularly the marginalized.&lt;br /&gt;108. Commit to a healthy environment for CSOs to maximize their potential as an equal development actor.&lt;br /&gt;109. Call on the AICHR to monitor and respond not only to regional issues but also human rights situation in each countries so that ASEAN can go beyond non-interference principle;&lt;br /&gt;110. Call on the AICHR to be more accessible and transparent by making all documents public, translating documents into ten ASEAN languages and conducting national and regional consultation with civil society;&lt;br /&gt;ENVIRONMENT&lt;br /&gt;We strongly reiterate calls made from previous years for ASEAN to establish an Environment Pillar in its structure and governance that will place environmental sustainability, economic, gender, social and climate justice at the center of decision-making. Building an ASEAN Environmental Community as the fourth pillar is urgently needed to more effectively address the climate crisis, the social and environmental costs of large-scale development projects, and increasing damage to our eco-system.&lt;br /&gt;Energy:&lt;br /&gt;111. We call upon ASEAN to reject technology fixes such as nuclear power plants and biomass plantations, and market-based instruments such as “Blue Carbon Fund” and offsets that are being promoted as false solutions to the climate crisis that do not address the root causes.  We call for the de-nuclearization of ASEAN and the cancellation of plans to promote nuclear energy.&lt;br /&gt;112. ASEAN must recognize that large scale hydropower dams are a major threat to the people’s livelihoods, with far-ranging human security and environmental impacts on the region. ASEAN urgently needs to establish a sustainable energy development program, which includes pursuit of alternative and more sustainable sources of energy, and an end to the privatization of power, water privatization and indigenous sources of renewable energy.&lt;br /&gt;Water:&lt;br /&gt;113. ASEAN must recognize that access to water is a fundamental human right, halt water privatization projects and engage in partnerships that will result in the delivery of clean, affordable water to communities, while ensuring sustainability of water resources;&lt;br /&gt;Climate Change:&lt;br /&gt;114. ASEAN countries should demand for reparations for climate debt. ASEAN should pursue an international legally binding agreement to ensure that rich industrialized countries undertake deep drastic emissions cuts through domestic measures (not offsets).&lt;br /&gt;115. ASEAN must recognize and support environmentally sustainable and culturally appropriate local initiatives and traditional practices of farmers, fishers, indigenous communities and women to adapt to and mitigate climate change.  Extractive activities such as mining, which adversely affect the resilience of farming and fishing communities, need to be stopped.&lt;br /&gt;116. ASEAN needs to assert that climate funds established under the UN Climate Convention and any other forms of climate funding must follow the principle of reparation for climate debt, and be subject to stringent democratic, transparent and accountable measures. World Bank and other international financial institutions must be kept out of in climate finance, and climate funding should not be in the form of debt and debt-creating instruments, nor undermine the self determination of the most affected communities and groups.&lt;br /&gt;117. We call for the development of an ASEAN Framework instrument on Climate Change, based on the principles of climate justice and gender justice that will produce policies and programs oriented to the diverse and particular needs and conditions of communities and localities in affected areas.&lt;br /&gt;118. Genuinely environmentally sustainable, socially equitable, people-centered, gender-sensitive, inclusive and responsive and diverse green economies should be promoted in the context of fulfilling the obligations of developed countries to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide financial and technological support to developing countries in adapting to and mitigating climate change.  &lt;br /&gt;119. The implementation of ASEAN’s education policy on climate change should include acknowledgement of women’s indigenous and local wisdom, and their role in preventing climate change as well as emergency and disaster preparedness must be included.  ASEAN should also ensure that the education reaches women, especially women from marginalised groups. &lt;br /&gt;120. Adopt a regional mechanism and build capacity for assessment of new, emerging or un-tested technologies based on the Precautionary Principle with the full participation of civil society and communities to look into the potential environmental, health and socio-economic impacts of these technologies, including transboundary implications. Concretely, we propose the establishment of an ASEAN Technology Observation Platform.&lt;br /&gt;HEALTH (special section on theme of interface)&lt;br /&gt;Basic Health for All&lt;br /&gt;121. ASEAN states should ensure a free and universal health care system without any discrimination regardless of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI). There should be stop the privatization and commodification of health care system, ensure equal access and provide affordable and quality health care as pat of labor rights for all including domestic workers, migrant workers,  sex workers, workers with disabilities, LGBTIQ workers, refugees and asylum seekers..&lt;br /&gt;Health System&lt;br /&gt;122. Mechanism should be created that enables CSOs and/or community members to participate in decision-making and designing of a sound and sustainable health program for ASEAN people, particularly the marginalized people.&lt;br /&gt;123. Governments should ensure the provision of adequate resources, and accessible and quality healthcare for children.&lt;br /&gt;124. Youth, the poor and vulnerable groups including people living with HIV/AIDS, young LGBTIQ, and youth who use drugs should be provided with free and accessible universal health care system that is youth-friendly with the formalisation of young peoples’ involvement.&lt;br /&gt;125. Policy should be implemented for persons with disabilities that improves the access to health services, health insurance and subsidy to additional cost on the ground of disability&lt;br /&gt;Health for those who are in difficult circumstances&lt;br /&gt;126. For migrant workers, all ASEAN member states must repeal policies of contract termination and deportation on the grounds of pregnancy and communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS. &lt;br /&gt;127. Specific health needs such as physical and psycho-social related needs should be fulfilled for those who are infringed their human rights due to war and torture.&lt;br /&gt;Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights&lt;br /&gt;128. Human rights and Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights should be prioritised and enforced within the policy framework of public health services. Condom programmes must address all aspects of supply, demand and environment within a rights based approach.&lt;br /&gt;129. A comprehensive set of sexual and reproductive health and HIV services must be provided to sex workers. The whole spectrum of prevention, treatment, care and support from a rights-based approach. Focusing HIV prevention on sex work is the most cost-effective investment in ASEAN&lt;br /&gt;130. To endorse ASEAN member states and government commitment to realise their vision of the implementation of ICPD (1994) Plan of Action in particular sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) as well as MDG 5 and MDG 6 commitments.&lt;br /&gt;131. ASEAN member states must enforce and guarantee the sexual and reproductive health and rights in the ASEAN policy framework by referring laws and policies to promote sexual and reproductive rights and repeal restrictive and punitive laws and policies which deny equal access to information and services as well as those which criminalize the transmission of HIV and abortion. These laws and policies should at minimum comply with international human rights standards, treaties, and conventions. These rights enable and informed decisions over marriage pregnancy, treaties and conventions. These rights enable free and informed decisions over marriage pregnancy, childbirth, contraception, sexuality, sexual orientations, gender identities, pleasure and livelihood. Eradicate sexual and reproductive coercion, stigma, discrimination, harmful traditional practices and gender-biased violence, particularly against women and girls.&lt;br /&gt;132. To decrease unsafe abortion and maternal mortality, and as a result call for governments to address these as public health and human rights issues. Ensure equitable and affordable access for contraception, safe and legal abortion, skilled maternity and newborn care including access and referral to pregnancy and delivery complications; prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care of HIV and AIDS and all other sexually transmitted infections, including in humanitarian crisis. All of these services must be available and fully funded throughout the health system, particularly in the public sector and at the primary health care level as well as taking into consideration the important role that NGOs play in providing complementary health services.&lt;br /&gt;133. To decrease the high maternal mortality and morbidity in the ASEAN region as well as the high unmet need of contraceptives and the high adolescent fertility rate as a consequence of the traditional practice of underage marriage Making Pregnancy Safer (MPS) for the youngest mothers and their babies should become a priority for those ASEAN countries where childbearing still common. Effective interventions and a clear action plan should be ready to address adolescent marriage and pregnancies.&lt;br /&gt;134. Provides these services for all, ensuring quality, gender and age-sensitive healthcare and non-discrimination for low income and other marginalised groups. Services providers need to be non-judgmental and respect diversity. Support innovation, including the development of new technologies and services models, and access to scientific progress. We call upon governments to include objectives and indicators in the national health planning and budgeting process that ensure positive sexual and reproductive health and rights outcomes.&lt;br /&gt;135. To stop the forced sterilization and denial of reproductive rights of persons living with HIV/AIDS and persons with disabilities.&lt;br /&gt;Health Education&lt;br /&gt;136. ASEAN should initiate and implement a regional curriculum on comprehensive sexuality education inclusive of sexual and reproductive health and rights, both in formal and informal education systems that can be enjoyed by youth of ASEAN especially marginalized groups&lt;br /&gt;Access to Medicines&lt;br /&gt;137. ASEAN should resist and oppose the effort of the EU to push for restrictive Intellectual Property Rights chapter that would curtail production and distribution of more affordable generic medicines.&lt;br /&gt;138. To refuse trade agreement between India and EU which patented the medicines, including ARV, caused price of medicine in the third world become very expensive.&lt;br /&gt;Health risk factors&lt;br /&gt;139. Health policies should consider decent working condition, safe working environment and decent living conditions&lt;br /&gt;140. The harmful impact on health of individuals and communities affected by forced evictions and displacements should be examined and remedied&lt;br /&gt;141. Building large-scale hydropower dams affects both the physical and mental health of indigenous peoples and local communities living within the dam site. They become insecure because of safety concerns and uncertainties since they rely heavily on the river and their environment for sustenance and livelihood and this is even more compounded by the threats and impacts of climate change.&lt;br /&gt;142. Taxes and prices of tobacco products should be raised as the best way to curb smoking. This will increase government revenue, save lives and improve quality of life.&lt;br /&gt;143. ASEAN should ensure dialogue and decision making between women or community members and policy makers on the impact of climate change on women’s livelihoods, health, sexual and reproductive rights.  The specific needs of women should be factored into the policies on climate change.&lt;br /&gt;Read 206 times &lt;br /&gt;Published in Statement &lt;br /&gt;Social sharing&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-6519138901818639482?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/6519138901818639482/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=6519138901818639482' title='0 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/6519138901818639482'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/6519138901818639482'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2011/07/asean-people-forum-2011.html' title='ASEAN PEOPLE FORUM 2011'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-5574687493131845592</id><published>2009-08-02T13:26:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2009-08-02T13:31:29.503-07:00</updated><title type='text'>OKY</title><content type='html'>Oky&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oky adalah nama panggilan  seorang tunanetra baru. Sarjana lulusan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Katolik Sugiopranoto Semarang ini menyandang Tunanetra disebabkan karena Ablasio Retina.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sabtu tanggal 18 Juli 2009, Oky ditemani mbaknya dating ke secretariat DPD PERTUNI Jawa Tengah Jl.Badak III No.62 Semarang. Maksud kunjungan mereka adalah mencari tempat dan teman untuk Oky sebagai tunanetra agar menimba pengalaman dari seniornya di bidang ketunanetraan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kami menyambutnya dengan senang hati dan berusaha berbagi mengenai semua hal yang kami tahu dan bisa. Kami memberi tahu tentang alat Bantu – alat Bantu yang bisa dipakai mulai dari tongkat putih, handphone bicara, dan computer bicara.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Allahu Akbar, Sabtu 2 Agustus 2009 Oky dating kembali ke secretariat tapi kali ini naik becak tanpa ditemani keluarganya. Ini luar biasa karena tunanetra baru mau dan mampu pergi sendiri. Hal itu butuh kenekatan yang luar biasa dan jarang kami jumpai dalam kasus tunanetra baru.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Semoga cerita ini membawa motivasi bagi siapa pun.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-5574687493131845592?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/5574687493131845592/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=5574687493131845592' title='1 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/5574687493131845592'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/5574687493131845592'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2009/08/oky.html' title='OKY'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-143789001528351839</id><published>2009-07-16T15:06:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2009-07-16T15:07:51.983-07:00</updated><title type='text'>GADANG MULAI SEKOLAH</title><content type='html'>GADANG MULAI SEKOLAH&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tanggal 13 Juli 2009 merupakan salah satu tanggal bersejarah untuk Gadang anak kami. Tanggal itu adalah permulaan Gadang bersekolah di TK.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Gadang tampak semangat dan gembira mengenakan pakaian lengkap dengan tas dan sepatu untuk sekolah. Bekal makanan dan minuman sengaja dia pesan untuk dibuatkan ibunya sebagai bekal. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sebelum berangkat, Gadang berpamitan dan menyalami bapaknya dan simbah-simbahnya dengan gembira dan ceria. Yaa Allah SWT…terima kasih atas anugerah-mu berupa hari yang bahagia ini.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Diantar ibunya, Gadang berangkat ke sekolahnya di Jl.Abimanyu Semarang yang lokasinya hanya menyebarangi jalan Indraprastra . Ibunya memang sengaja absent dari kantor karena khusus mendampingi Gadang di hari pertama sekolahnya.    &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Di sekolah, Gadang memang sengaja tidak selalu didampingi ibunya, ini untuk melatih kemandiriannya di luar rumah. Ibunya hanya mendekat pada saat Gadang butuh bantuan dan tidak dapat mengatasinya sendiri. Contohnya Gadang masih bingung cara pakai sepatu karena harus mengaitkan tali sepatu. Peristiwa itu terjadi saat murid-murid dikumpulkan di aula dan harus lepas sepatu. Pada saat keluar, Gadang bingung memakai sepatunya kembali.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Di hari pertama sekolah, Gadang menyukai permainan menaiki tangga. Permainan ini memang cukup berbahaya, di situlah ibunya mendampingi Gadang bermain. Guru-guru memang cenderung membiarkan anak didiknya bermain sendiri, entah karena masih didampingi orang tua atau mereka yang memang seperti itu.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sepulang sekolah, Gadang nampak kelelahan apalagi di hari pertama ini Gadang terkena pilek. Namun demikian Gadang nampak gembira.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Saudara-saudaraku yang kebetulan membaca tulisan ini, aku bercerita ini sebagai wujud syukurku kepada Allah SWT dan mohon doa semoga Gadang dapat lancer dalam studinya, dalam kariernya kelak, dalam perjodohannya, dan dalam keturunannya. Aku merasa hari ini adalah hari yang luar biasa karena bagiku yang buta ini, menyekolahkan anak adalah sesuatu yang besar nilainya. Hal itu ditambah dengan penghasilanku yang masih minim tapi biaya sekolah sangatlah mahal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Akhir kata, terima kasih atas perhatian membaca tulisan ini dan doa yang telah diberikan untuk Gadang. Semoga tulisan ini dapat mengajak kita kea rah kebaikan.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-143789001528351839?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/143789001528351839/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=143789001528351839' title='0 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/143789001528351839'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/143789001528351839'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2009/07/gadang-mulai-sekolah_16.html' title='GADANG MULAI SEKOLAH'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-1051188431052408733</id><published>2009-02-05T00:34:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-02-05T00:41:58.437-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Kuliahku My Exciting Experiences</title><content type='html'>KULIAHKU MY EXCITING EXPERIENCES&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oleh Suryandaru,S.H&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Kuliahku  my exciting experiences”, itulah ungkapanku  pada saat kuliah lagi di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra (FBS) Universitas Dian Nuswantoro (Udinus) Semarang ddengan program studi Bahasa Inggris. Kuliah kali ini merupakan kuliah pertama setelah kebutaan total kusandang dan kuliah kedua pada strata I sepanjang hidupku.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sebelum kuliah di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra  Udinus, aku telah menyelesaikan kuliah di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Diponegoro (Undip) Semarang. Pada tahun 1996 aku diwisuda sebagai tanda telah menyelesaikan kuliah di Fakultas HukumUndip. Kuliah tersebut kuselesaikan selama empat tahun enam bulan dalam keadaan mata belum buta total sehinggga masih dapat membaca, belajar, dan bepergian walaupun dengan pandangan mata yang berjaraak pandang sangat pendek.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada hari pertama kuliah di Udinus, aku sangat bingung mengenai cara mengikuti perkuliahan dan menyelesaikannya dengan kondisi mata yang sama sekali sudah tidak dapat melihat lagi. Kesulitan itu ditambah dengan program studi yang kuambil berbeda dengan yang kutempuh saat masih melihat. Program studi strata I Bahasa Inggris di Udinus sangat berbeda dan bukan merupakan jenjang kelanjutan program studi strata I Hukum di Undip.      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dosen-dosen di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra Udinus belum ada yang mengenal tunanetra, walaupun pak Mahmud, Dekan Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra sering mendengar perihal PERTUNI. Perlu diketahui di sini bahwa, Udinus melalui Fakultas Ilmu Komputer (Fasilkom) merupakan universitas pendukung program pelatihan computer bicara yang dilaksanakan oleh dpd pertuni jateng.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ketidaktahuan para dosen berkisar pada cara menyampaikan materi agar saya sebagai mahasiswa dapat memahaminya walaupun dalam kondisi tunanetra, cara mengadakan ujian baik tengah maupun ujian akhir semester, dan hal-hal lain berkaitan dengan proses perkuliahan. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Menyadari kondisi yang demikian, aku mengambil sikap pro aktif dengan membuka jalur komunikasi dengan para dosen. Sikap demikian bertujuan membuat kesan baik terlebih dulu. Bermodal kesan baik, maka jalur komunikasi dapat dibangun dan saling memahami dapat tercipta.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tiap awal pertemuan dengan dosen pada tiap mata kuliah aku berusaha menemuinya dan mengenalkan diri sebagai mahasiswa tunanetra FBS Udinus angkatan 2007. Lewat langkah ini ketakutan para dosen untuk memulai percakapan dengan tunanetra dapat terpecahkan. Ketakutan mereka berdasarkan pada ketidaktahuan cara berkomunikasi dengan tunanetra.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mereka takut jika salah bicara maka membuat si tunanetra tersinggung dan rendah diri.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aku mulai mengenalkan alat-alat Bantu dan kemampuan tunanetra yang menopang gerak perjuangannya. Aku mulai mengenalkan computer yang dapat diakses tunanetra beserta segala kemampuan yang sangat mencengangkan mereka. Mereka tidak menyangka ada software yang mampu membacakan tampilan layer (screen reader) sehingga computer dapat dioperasikan tunanetra,mereka tidak menyangka tunanetra dapat mencatat dengan menggunakan notebook, mentransfer buku awas menjadi file dalam computer sehingga dapat dibaca dengan screen reader, bahkan mereka takjub dunia internet pun sudah tidak asing bagi tunanetra, dan keheranan-keheranan  lain atas kemampuan tunanetra yang selama ini tidak pernah mereka kenal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jika ada dosen yang mempunyai bahan transparan untuk OHP, aku meminjamnya dan kemudian mengonversi ke dalam bentuk soft copy sehingga dapat dibaca melalui computer. Buku-buku bahan kuliah aku konversi ke dalam bentuk soft copy pula. Apakah proses ini mudah dan lancer? Tentu tidak. Ketidaklancaran dan kesulitan terjadi saat bahan kuliah itu berupa gambar-gambar, foto copy dari bahan-bahan itu tidak jelas, atau bahan-bahan itu berupa tulisan tangan bukan huruf cetak.   &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada mata kuliah Listening I bahan kuliah berupa gambar-gambar  yang menunjukkan aktifitas agar memudahkan penggambaran ungkapan-ungkapan Bahasa Inggris. Namun bagiku yang tunanetra itu sangat menyulitkan saat konversi kesoft copy. Jika file bertipe word, maka gambar tidak dapat terkonversi dan file soft copy menjadi berantakan. Jika file menggunakan tipe foto (image) gambar dapat terkonversi ke soft copy tetapi tidak dapat dibaca oleh screen reader.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Situasi sulit lain lagi pada mata kuliah Pronounsiation Drill, sebab pada mata kuliah ini bahan kuliah berisi kata-kata yang berhuruf lafal (pengucapan). Huruf-huruf ini menunjukkan cara mengucapkan dalam Bahasa Inggris. &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Huruf lafal ini berbeda bentuknya dengan huruf alphabet yang kita kenal. Huruf-huruf itu tidak dikenal oleh screen reader Jaws. Namun ada sedikit solusi dalam hal ini. Jika aku tidak tahu cara mengucapkan suatu kata, maka kutilis dalam computer dan kuperintahkan computer membacanya. Oleh karena Jaws for Windows sebagai screen reader berdasar logart Inggris dalam membacanya, maka aku cukup mendengar dan menirukan saat Jaws membaca. Cara ini ternyata cukup menolong untuk belajar cara melafalkan dalam bahasa Inggris.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Proses pengoversian juga memerlukan bantuan istriku sebagai orang awas untuk membantu. Istriku bertugas mengedit tiap file soft copy yang telah kukonversi. Peran ini sangat kubutuhkan karena sering terjadi salah baca oleh computer karena salah penafsiran sehingga beda antara yang tertera di modul dengan file hasil soft copy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada modul yang bertulis tangan atau berhuruf cetak tidak jelas, istriku adalah penyalin dari modul bertuliskan huruf awas ke dalam file soft copy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ujian baik tengah maupun akhir semester, mempunyai cerita lain lagi. Pada saat ujian aku diberi soft copy ujian tersebutlalu kukerjakan dengan menggunakan laptopku dan jawaban kuserahkan dalam bentuk soft copy di dalam flash disk fakultas. Dari soft copy tersebut, barulah pihak fakultas mencetaknya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ternyata memang benar, bahwa penyandang cacat harus mempunyai kecerdasan dua kali lipat agar dapat hidup bersama dengan non cacat. Kecerdasan pertama dipakai untuk mengatasi kesulitan pada dirinya sendiri karena kecacatannya itu, ada pun kecerdasan kedua untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan non cacat.      KULIAHKU MY EXCITING EXPERIENCES&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oleh Suryandaru,S.H&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Kuliahku  my exciting experiences”, itulah ungkapanku  pada saat kuliah lagi di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra (FBS) Universitas Dian Nuswantoro (Udinus) Semarang ddengan program studi Bahasa Inggris. Kuliah kali ini merupakan kuliah pertama setelah kebutaan total kusandang dan kuliah kedua pada strata I sepanjang hidupku.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sebelum kuliah di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra  Udinus, aku telah menyelesaikan kuliah di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Diponegoro (Undip) Semarang. Pada tahun 1996 aku diwisuda sebagai tanda telah menyelesaikan kuliah di Fakultas HukumUndip. Kuliah tersebut kuselesaikan selama empat tahun enam bulan dalam keadaan mata belum buta total sehinggga masih dapat membaca, belajar, dan bepergian walaupun dengan pandangan mata yang berjaraak pandang sangat pendek.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada hari pertama kuliah di Udinus, aku sangat bingung mengenai cara mengikuti perkuliahan dan menyelesaikannya dengan kondisi mata yang sama sekali sudah tidak dapat melihat lagi. Kesulitan itu ditambah dengan program studi yang kuambil berbeda dengan yang kutempuh saat masih melihat. Program studi strata I Bahasa Inggris di Udinus sangat berbeda dan bukan merupakan jenjang kelanjutan program studi strata I Hukum di Undip.      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dosen-dosen di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra Udinus belum ada yang mengenal tunanetra, walaupun pak Mahmud, Dekan Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra sering mendengar perihal PERTUNI. Perlu diketahui di sini bahwa, Udinus melalui Fakultas Ilmu Komputer (Fasilkom) merupakan universitas pendukung program pelatihan computer bicara yang dilaksanakan oleh dpd pertuni jateng.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ketidaktahuan para dosen berkisar pada cara menyampaikan materi agar saya sebagai mahasiswa dapat memahaminya walaupun dalam kondisi tunanetra, cara mengadakan ujian baik tengah maupun ujian akhir semester, dan hal-hal lain berkaitan dengan proses perkuliahan. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Menyadari kondisi yang demikian, aku mengambil sikap pro aktif dengan membuka jalur komunikasi dengan para dosen. Sikap demikian bertujuan membuat kesan baik terlebih dulu. Bermodal kesan baik, maka jalur komunikasi dapat dibangun dan saling memahami dapat tercipta.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tiap awal pertemuan dengan dosen pada tiap mata kuliah aku berusaha menemuinya dan mengenalkan diri sebagai mahasiswa tunanetra FBS Udinus angkatan 2007. Lewat langkah ini ketakutan para dosen untuk memulai percakapan dengan tunanetra dapat terpecahkan. Ketakutan mereka berdasarkan pada ketidaktahuan cara berkomunikasi dengan tunanetra.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mereka takut jika salah bicara maka membuat si tunanetra tersinggung dan rendah diri.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aku mulai mengenalkan alat-alat Bantu dan kemampuan tunanetra yang menopang gerak perjuangannya. Aku mulai mengenalkan computer yang dapat diakses tunanetra beserta segala kemampuan yang sangat mencengangkan mereka. Mereka tidak menyangka ada software yang mampu membacakan tampilan layer (screen reader) sehingga computer dapat dioperasikan tunanetra,mereka tidak menyangka tunanetra dapat mencatat dengan menggunakan notebook, mentransfer buku awas menjadi file dalam computer sehingga dapat dibaca dengan screen reader, bahkan mereka takjub dunia internet pun sudah tidak asing bagi tunanetra, dan keheranan-keheranan  lain atas kemampuan tunanetra yang selama ini tidak pernah mereka kenal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jika ada dosen yang mempunyai bahan transparan untuk OHP, aku meminjamnya dan kemudian mengonversi ke dalam bentuk soft copy sehingga dapat dibaca melalui computer. Buku-buku bahan kuliah aku konversi ke dalam bentuk soft copy pula. Apakah proses ini mudah dan lancer? Tentu tidak. Ketidaklancaran dan kesulitan terjadi saat bahan kuliah itu berupa gambar-gambar, foto copy dari bahan-bahan itu tidak jelas, atau bahan-bahan itu berupa tulisan tangan bukan huruf cetak.   &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada mata kuliah Listening I bahan kuliah berupa gambar-gambar  yang menunjukkan aktifitas agar memudahkan penggambaran ungkapan-ungkapan Bahasa Inggris. Namun bagiku yang tunanetra itu sangat menyulitkan saat konversi kesoft copy. Jika file bertipe word, maka gambar tidak dapat terkonversi dan file soft copy menjadi berantakan. Jika file menggunakan tipe foto (image) gambar dapat terkonversi ke soft copy tetapi tidak dapat dibaca oleh screen reader.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Situasi sulit lain lagi pada mata kuliah Pronounsiation Drill, sebab pada mata kuliah ini bahan kuliah berisi kata-kata yang berhuruf lafal (pengucapan). Huruf-huruf ini menunjukkan cara mengucapkan dalam Bahasa Inggris. &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Huruf lafal ini berbeda bentuknya dengan huruf alphabet yang kita kenal. Huruf-huruf itu tidak dikenal oleh screen reader Jaws. Namun ada sedikit solusi dalam hal ini. Jika aku tidak tahu cara mengucapkan suatu kata, maka kutilis dalam computer dan kuperintahkan computer membacanya. Oleh karena Jaws for Windows sebagai screen reader berdasar logart Inggris dalam membacanya, maka aku cukup mendengar dan menirukan saat Jaws membaca. Cara ini ternyata cukup menolong untuk belajar cara melafalkan dalam bahasa Inggris.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Proses pengoversian juga memerlukan bantuan istriku sebagai orang awas untuk membantu. Istriku bertugas mengedit tiap file soft copy yang telah kukonversi. Peran ini sangat kubutuhkan karena sering terjadi salah baca oleh computer karena salah penafsiran sehingga beda antara yang tertera di modul dengan file hasil soft copy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada modul yang bertulis tangan atau berhuruf cetak tidak jelas, istriku adalah penyalin dari modul bertuliskan huruf awas ke dalam file soft copy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ujian baik tengah maupun akhir semester, mempunyai cerita lain lagi. Pada saat ujian aku diberi soft copy ujian tersebutlalu kukerjakan dengan menggunakan laptopku dan jawaban kuserahkan dalam bentuk soft copy di dalam flash disk fakultas. Dari soft copy tersebut, barulah pihak fakultas mencetaknya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ternyata memang benar, bahwa penyandang cacat harus mempunyai kecerdasan dua kali lipat agar dapat hidup bersama dengan non cacat. Kecerdasan pertama dipakai untuk mengatasi kesulitan pada dirinya sendiri karena kecacatannya itu, ada pun kecerdasan kedua untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan non cacat.       KULIAHKU MY EXCITING EXPERIENCES&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oleh Suryandaru,S.H&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Kuliahku  my exciting experiences”, itulah ungkapanku  pada saat kuliah lagi di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra (FBS) Universitas Dian Nuswantoro (Udinus) Semarang ddengan program studi Bahasa Inggris. Kuliah kali ini merupakan kuliah pertama setelah kebutaan total kusandang dan kuliah kedua pada strata I sepanjang hidupku.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sebelum kuliah di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra  Udinus, aku telah menyelesaikan kuliah di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Diponegoro (Undip) Semarang. Pada tahun 1996 aku diwisuda sebagai tanda telah menyelesaikan kuliah di Fakultas HukumUndip. Kuliah tersebut kuselesaikan selama empat tahun enam bulan dalam keadaan mata belum buta total sehinggga masih dapat membaca, belajar, dan bepergian walaupun dengan pandangan mata yang berjaraak pandang sangat pendek.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada hari pertama kuliah di Udinus, aku sangat bingung mengenai cara mengikuti perkuliahan dan menyelesaikannya dengan kondisi mata yang sama sekali sudah tidak dapat melihat lagi. Kesulitan itu ditambah dengan program studi yang kuambil berbeda dengan yang kutempuh saat masih melihat. Program studi strata I Bahasa Inggris di Udinus sangat berbeda dan bukan merupakan jenjang kelanjutan program studi strata I Hukum di Undip.      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dosen-dosen di Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra Udinus belum ada yang mengenal tunanetra, walaupun pak Mahmud, Dekan Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra sering mendengar perihal PERTUNI. Perlu diketahui di sini bahwa, Udinus melalui Fakultas Ilmu Komputer (Fasilkom) merupakan universitas pendukung program pelatihan computer bicara yang dilaksanakan oleh dpd pertuni jateng.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ketidaktahuan para dosen berkisar pada cara menyampaikan materi agar saya sebagai mahasiswa dapat memahaminya walaupun dalam kondisi tunanetra, cara mengadakan ujian baik tengah maupun ujian akhir semester, dan hal-hal lain berkaitan dengan proses perkuliahan. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Menyadari kondisi yang demikian, aku mengambil sikap pro aktif dengan membuka jalur komunikasi dengan para dosen. Sikap demikian bertujuan membuat kesan baik terlebih dulu. Bermodal kesan baik, maka jalur komunikasi dapat dibangun dan saling memahami dapat tercipta.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tiap awal pertemuan dengan dosen pada tiap mata kuliah aku berusaha menemuinya dan mengenalkan diri sebagai mahasiswa tunanetra FBS Udinus angkatan 2007. Lewat langkah ini ketakutan para dosen untuk memulai percakapan dengan tunanetra dapat terpecahkan. Ketakutan mereka berdasarkan pada ketidaktahuan cara berkomunikasi dengan tunanetra.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mereka takut jika salah bicara maka membuat si tunanetra tersinggung dan rendah diri.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aku mulai mengenalkan alat-alat Bantu dan kemampuan tunanetra yang menopang gerak perjuangannya. Aku mulai mengenalkan computer yang dapat diakses tunanetra beserta segala kemampuan yang sangat mencengangkan mereka. Mereka tidak menyangka ada software yang mampu membacakan tampilan layer (screen reader) sehingga computer dapat dioperasikan tunanetra,mereka tidak menyangka tunanetra dapat mencatat dengan menggunakan notebook, mentransfer buku awas menjadi file dalam computer sehingga dapat dibaca dengan screen reader, bahkan mereka takjub dunia internet pun sudah tidak asing bagi tunanetra, dan keheranan-keheranan  lain atas kemampuan tunanetra yang selama ini tidak pernah mereka kenal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jika ada dosen yang mempunyai bahan transparan untuk OHP, aku meminjamnya dan kemudian mengonversi ke dalam bentuk soft copy sehingga dapat dibaca melalui computer. Buku-buku bahan kuliah aku konversi ke dalam bentuk soft copy pula. Apakah proses ini mudah dan lancer? Tentu tidak. Ketidaklancaran dan kesulitan terjadi saat bahan kuliah itu berupa gambar-gambar, foto copy dari bahan-bahan itu tidak jelas, atau bahan-bahan itu berupa tulisan tangan bukan huruf cetak.   &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada mata kuliah Listening I bahan kuliah berupa gambar-gambar  yang menunjukkan aktifitas agar memudahkan penggambaran ungkapan-ungkapan Bahasa Inggris. Namun bagiku yang tunanetra itu sangat menyulitkan saat konversi kesoft copy. Jika file bertipe word, maka gambar tidak dapat terkonversi dan file soft copy menjadi berantakan. Jika file menggunakan tipe foto (image) gambar dapat terkonversi ke soft copy tetapi tidak dapat dibaca oleh screen reader.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Situasi sulit lain lagi pada mata kuliah Pronounsiation Drill, sebab pada mata kuliah ini bahan kuliah berisi kata-kata yang berhuruf lafal (pengucapan). Huruf-huruf ini menunjukkan cara mengucapkan dalam Bahasa Inggris. &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Huruf lafal ini berbeda bentuknya dengan huruf alphabet yang kita kenal. Huruf-huruf itu tidak dikenal oleh screen reader Jaws. Namun ada sedikit solusi dalam hal ini. Jika aku tidak tahu cara mengucapkan suatu kata, maka kutilis dalam computer dan kuperintahkan computer membacanya. Oleh karena Jaws for Windows sebagai screen reader berdasar logart Inggris dalam membacanya, maka aku cukup mendengar dan menirukan saat Jaws membaca. Cara ini ternyata cukup menolong untuk belajar cara melafalkan dalam bahasa Inggris.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Proses pengoversian juga memerlukan bantuan istriku sebagai orang awas untuk membantu. Istriku bertugas mengedit tiap file soft copy yang telah kukonversi. Peran ini sangat kubutuhkan karena sering terjadi salah baca oleh computer karena salah penafsiran sehingga beda antara yang tertera di modul dengan file hasil soft copy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada modul yang bertulis tangan atau berhuruf cetak tidak jelas, istriku adalah penyalin dari modul bertuliskan huruf awas ke dalam file soft copy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ujian baik tengah maupun akhir semester, mempunyai cerita lain lagi. Pada saat ujian aku diberi soft copy ujian tersebutlalu kukerjakan dengan menggunakan laptopku dan jawaban kuserahkan dalam bentuk soft copy di dalam flash disk fakultas. Dari soft copy tersebut, barulah pihak fakultas mencetaknya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ternyata memang benar, bahwa penyandang cacat harus mempunyai kecerdasan dua kali lipat agar dapat hidup bersama dengan non cacat. Kecerdasan pertama dipakai untuk mengatasi kesulitan pada dirinya sendiri karena kecacatannya itu, ada pun kecerdasan kedua untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan non cacat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Catatan : Tulisan ini pernah dimuat di majalah Solider terbitan SIGAB  Yogyakarta&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-1051188431052408733?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/1051188431052408733/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=1051188431052408733' title='0 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/1051188431052408733'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/1051188431052408733'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2009/02/kuliahku-my-exciting-experiences.html' title='Kuliahku My Exciting Experiences'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-4330024286455414198</id><published>2009-02-04T23:51:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-02-05T00:01:09.776-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Belajar Komputer'/><title type='text'>BELAJAR KOMPUTER</title><content type='html'>BELAJAR KOMPUTER&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Salah satu hal yang penting dalam menghadapi kenyataan kebutaanku adalah kemampuan menoperasikan komputer.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kemampuan ini sudah kepelajari sejak duduk di kelas 2 (dua) di SMA Negeri 3 Semarang. Saat itu kondisi pengelihatanku masih low vision sehingga walaupun tunanetra tetapi masih bisa melihat dalam jarak dekat. Aplikasi yang kupelajari adalah wordstar (WS) 4. ada pun caraku belajar adalah dengan les privat  kepada seorang dosen Untag Semarang.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hingga menulis skripsi di Fakultas hukum Undip, aplikasi yang masih kukkuasai adalah WS tapi saat itu WS 7. windows mulai dikenal di kalangan mahasiswa tapi aku belum mengenalnya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Windows mulai kupelajari setelah aku tunanetra. Penyebabnya software screen reader Jaws for Windows hanya bisa akses pada computer dengan bahasa program Windows.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pembelajaran computer yang kuiikuti adalah hasil kerja sama DPD PERTUNI Jateng dan Universitas Dian Nuswantoro yang saat itu masih bernama STMIK Dian Nuswantoro. Dosen yang melatihku secara privat adalah Pak Sulis. Aku belajar selama kira-kira dua bulan dengan pertemuan tiap hari Senin-Jumat dan tiap pertemua selama dua jam.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Belajar computer hanya dengan modal mendengar adalah amat sulit karena sebelumnya aku masih bisa melihat monitor tapi sekarang tidak. Namun itulah modal utamaku menjalani kehidupan sebagai tunanetra.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Setelah aku menguasai MS Word, pak Sulis mulai sulit dikontak. Oleh karena itu DPD PERTUNI Jateng berkonsultasi lagi dengan Rektor Udinus. Solusi menghadapi hal itu adalah Rektor menugasi pak Edy mulyanto yang saat itu menjadi Wakil rector 1 udinus untuk mendukung pelatihan computer bicara.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dalam pelatihan itu aku mulai mengenal internet. Oleh karena pak Edy Mulyanto belum banyak kenal penggunaan screen reader, beliau belajar sambil mengajari internet kepadaku. Dengan demikian proses belajar sangat lama tetapi hikmahnya kami sama-sama bias. Aku bias internet dan pak Edy Mulyanto bias screen reader. Modal inilah yang menjadi pelatihan computer bicara di Jawa Tengah yang diadakan DPD PERTUNI Jawa Tengah dan didukung Udinus menjadi lancer.      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  BELAJAR KOMPUTER&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Salah satu hal yang penting dalam menghadapi kenyataan kebutaanku adalah kemampuan mengoperasikan komputer.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kemampuan ini sudah kepelajari sejak duduk di kelas 2 (dua) di SMA Negeri 3 Semarang. Saat itu kondisi pengelihatanku masih low vision sehingga walaupun tunanetra tetapi masih bisa melihat dalam jarak dekat. Aplikasi yang kupelajari adalah wordstar (WS) 4. ada pun caraku belajar adalah dengan les privat  kepada seorang dosen Untag Semarang yang bernama Khairudin.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hingga menulis skripsi di Fakultas hukum Undip, aplikasi yang masih kukkuasai adalah WS tapi saat itu WS 7. windows mulai dikenal di kalangan mahasiswa tapi aku belum mengenalnya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Windows mulai kupelajari setelah aku tunanetra. Penyebabnya software screen reader Jaws for Windows hanya bisa akses pada computer dengan bahasa program Windows.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pembelajaran computer yang kuiikuti adalah hasil kerja sama DPD PERTUNI Jateng dan Universitas Dian Nuswantoro yang saat itu masih bernama STMIK Dian Nuswantoro. Dosen yang melatihku secara privat adalah Pak Sulis. Aku belajar selama kira-kira dua bulan dengan pertemuan tiap hari Senin-Jumat dan tiap pertemua selama dua jam.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Belajar computer hanya dengan modal mendengar adalah amat sulit karena sebelumnya aku masih bisa melihat monitor tapi sekarang tidak. Namun itulah modal utamaku menjalani kehidupan sebagai tunanetra.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Setelah aku menguasai MS Word, pak Sulis mulai sulit dikontak. Oleh karena itu DPD PERTUNI Jateng berkonsultasi lagi dengan Rektor Udinus. Solusi menghadapi hal itu adalah Rektor menugasi pak Edy mulyanto yang saat itu menjadi Wakil rector 1 udinus untuk mendukung pelatihan computer bicara.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dalam pelatihan itu aku mulai mengenal internet. Oleh karena pak Edy Mulyanto belum banyak kenal penggunaan screen reader, beliau belajar sambil mengajari internet kepadaku. Dengan demikian proses belajar sangat lama tetapi hikmahnya kami sama-sama bisa. Aku bisa internet dan pak Edy Mulyanto bisa screen reader. Modal inilah yang menjadi pelatihan computer bicara di Jawa Tengah yang diadakan DPD PERTUNI Jawa Tengah dan didukung Udinus menjadi lancer.      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;   Belajar Komputer&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-4330024286455414198?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/4330024286455414198/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=4330024286455414198' title='0 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/4330024286455414198'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/4330024286455414198'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2009/02/belajar-komputer.html' title='BELAJAR KOMPUTER'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-8910660717069391315</id><published>2008-11-28T20:25:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2008-11-28T20:26:11.978-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Motivation</title><content type='html'>coba&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-8910660717069391315?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/8910660717069391315/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=8910660717069391315' title='1 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/8910660717069391315'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/8910660717069391315'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2008/11/motivation.html' title='Motivation'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1786819886951364847.post-3918732819140646719</id><published>2008-11-28T18:19:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2008-11-28T18:22:37.088-08:00</updated><title type='text'>GLAUKOMA TEMAN KARIBKU UNTUK INGAT TUHAN</title><content type='html'>Glokoma teman karibku untuk ingat tuhan&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oleh Suryandaru,S.H&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Riwayat Terkena Glokoma&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Saya dilahirkan tahun 1972 sebagai bayi premature delapan bulan. Saat kelahiran tidak ada tanda kelainan dan tidak perlu masuk incubator karena suhu udara Semarang saat itu sangat panas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dalam perjalanan saya dikenal sebagai anak yang ceria, criwis, dan pemberani. Jika ada mainan yang dibawa teman tanpa izin, maka tidak segan meminta kembali tanpa takut siapa pun teman itu.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Salah satu kebiasaan semasa kecilku  adalah tiap Minggu pagi berjalan-jalan dengan orang tua keliling kampung. Tiap jalan-jalan, saya tidak mau digandeng dan selalu berlari mendahului orang tua. Namun suatu saat saya tidak mau berlari di depan dan minta gandeng bapak. Orang tua tentu saja heran dan keheranan mereka bertambah saat saya sedang bermain, dan mainan tidak terlihat saat mainan berada di arah depan  mata tetapi akan terlihat jika berada di arah ekor mata. Keheranan dan kebingingan mereka bertambah lagi saat saya tidak mau menonton pesawat TV yang baru mereka beli.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Orang tua menyikapi hal itu dengan membawaku ke dokter anak. Mereka menceritakan semua kejadian tersebut, termasuk tanda-tanda fisik mata yang saat itu nampak yaitu bola mata memerah dan banyak mengeluarkan kotoran. Dokter anak meminta pemeriksaan lebih lanjut oleh seorang dokter ahli mata.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Pemeriksaan dilakukan dokter mata secara teliti. Beliau menyatakan semua organ mata normal. Beliau selanjutnya mendiagnosa bahwa saya alergi ikan laut dan memberi obat tetes Cendo Xitrol. Kebetulan saya gemar ikan laut, sehingga orang tua menerima diagnosa dokter.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pemberian tetes Cendo Xitrol dilakukan selama dua tahun hingga usiaku empat tahun. Selama itu pula kondisi pengelihatanku tidak membaik.  Dua tahun itu tiap kami control dokter selalu menyatakan organ mata normal dan baik.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kondisi itu berubah saat tahun kedua. Ibuku yang tidak tahan melihat pengelihatan mataku yang tidak membaik memohon dokter lebih teliti dalam memeriksa. Pemeriksaan kali ini membuat dokter kaget karena saraf mataku sudah memucat. Beliau meminta orang tuaku membawaku ke ahli Glokoma di Jakarta atau Surabaya, tetapi beliau lebih condong ke dr.Sri Nagar di Jakarta.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Di Jakarta kami menemui dr.Sri Nagar di rumah prakteknya. Beliau menyatakan saya terkena Glokoma dan harus segera dioperasi untuk menyelamatkan sisa pengelihatanku.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Operasi berjalan lancer dan berhasil menurunkan tekanan bola mata tetapi tidak mampu memulihkan pengelihatanku. Saat itu pengelihatanku masih dapat melihat objek walupun dalam jarak dekat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dokter berpesan agar control sering dilakukan, tetapi kkarena mengingat jarak Semarang-Jakarta yang jauh maka beliau mempersilahkan control ke Jakarta dilakukan selama setahun sekali dan control di Semarang yang lebih dirutinkan. Beliau juga memintaku tidak mengangkat barang yang berat dan melakukan gerakan yang menghentak.   &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Perjalanan Penanganan Medis&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sejak dilakukan operasi pada tahun 1976 (usiaku empat tahun), tekanan bola mata normal. Kontrol kami lakukan rutin di Semarang dan setahun sekali ke Jakarta. Oleh karena kondisi normal maka saya tidak mengkonsumsi obat sama sekali.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kondisi mulai berubah saat tahun 1984, saat itu tekanan bola mataku naik tidak terkendali. Apa sebab tekanan itu naik kami tidak tahu, tetapi mungkin karena beban sekolahku yang meningkat karena saat itu saya duduk di kelaslima SD. Sejak saat itu obat mulai kukonsumsi dan setelah obat tersebut rutin dikonsumsi, tekanan menjadi terkendali walupun tidak normal. Larangan beberapa jenis makanan pun mulai diterapkan seperti coklat, kopi, buah durian, daging kambing, dan minuman dan makan berakohol dan bercola.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tahun 1986 operasi kedua dilakukan. Hal ini karena tekanan bola mata meningkat walaupun obat dan tetes kukonsumsi. Operasi berikutnya makin sering kujalani, yaitu tahun 1992 dan antara 1996-1998 operasi dilakukan dua bulan sekali.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tiap kali operasi pengelihatanku mengalami penurunan yang tajam. Ada pun operasi terakhirku adalah tanggal 18 Agustus 1998 karena sejak operasi itu dunia tunanetra total mulai kujalani.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Berbagai penanganan untuk menurunkan tekanan bola mata kujalani mulai dari mengkonsumsi obat minum dan tetes, operasi membuka saluran cairan bola mata dengan bius total maupun bius local, penggunaan sinar laser, dan penerapan operasi dengan mematikan sel saluran cairan bola mata dengan Mitomicin maupun pemroduksi cairan bola mata dengan memakai es. Satu metoda yang belum kujalani, yaitu metoda Ahmad yang membuat saluran pembuangan cairan bola mata denganmenanam semacam pipa. Alasan dokter saat itu tidak menerapkan metoda Ahmad adalah karena takut tubuhku tidak menerima fisik pipa sebagai benda asing.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perjalanan Studi Sebelum dan Sesudah Buta Total&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Setelah operasi yang pertama pada tahun 1976 saya tumbuh menjadi anak seprti anak-anak pada umumnya. Saya bermain dan bersosialisasi normal. Perbedaannya hanyalah ketidakmampuanku melihat objek dari jarak jauh. Hal itu berkat orang tuaku berusaha memperlakukan secara wajar tanpa berusaha memanjakan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pendidikan kutempuh di sekolah umum mulai TK hingga Perguruan Tinggi dengan lancer tanpa “nunggak”. Sekolah-sekolah yang pernah kujalani merupakan sekolah favorit, mulai SD PL Bernardus Semarang, SMP PL Domenico Savio Semarang, SMA Negeri 3 Semarang, S1 Fakultas Hukum Undip, dan sekarang sedang belajar di S1 Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra Universitas Dian Nuswantoro (Udinus) Semarang.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Apakah perjalanan studiku tanpa hambatan dan kendala? Tentu ada kendala dan hambatan. Kendala dan hambatan itu antara lain :&lt;br /&gt;saat di TK, orang tuaku lupa memberi tahu kepada guru bahwa saya mempunyai keterbatasan pengelihatan. Tiap kali harus membaca tulisan di papan tulis, saya tidak bisa. Hal itu dikira oleh guru, bahwa saya malas dan efeknya saya menjadi trauma dan tidak mau sekolah. Orang tua melihat gejala itu dan membicarakan dengan guru. Dalam pembicaraan itu diutarakan bahwa saya mempunyai keterbatasan pengelihatan. Orang tua meminta izin agar saya diizinkan maju ke papan tulis untuk membaca dari jarak yang lebih dekat. Solusi ini cukup mengatasi masalah dan melancarkan perjalanan studiku.&lt;br /&gt;Pada saat skripsi di Fakultas Hukum Undip, seorang dosen pembimbingku menolak membimbing. Alasan beliau saat itu adalah saya mempunyai keterbatasan pengelihatan sehingga tidak mampu membaca buku sebagai bahan skripsi dalam jumlah banyak. Solusi waktu itu adalah saya ganti dosen pembimbing dan skripsiku lancer.&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Alat-alat Bantu&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Alat-alat Bantu yang pernah dan sedang kugunakan dalam aktivitas membaca antara lain :&lt;br /&gt;kaca pembesar, baik dalam bentuk sigar penjalin maupun lup&lt;br /&gt;teropong medan dalam ukuran kecil&lt;br /&gt;CCTV&lt;br /&gt;computer bicara&lt;br /&gt;scanner&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada kesempatan ini saya mengucapkan terima kasih kepada Pak Sumendar, drs.Wardoyo,MBA (pamanku sediri), Prof.Dr.Sigit Muryono (PR 1 Undip waktu itu), dan  Prof.Pramutadi (Direktur Prasarana Akademis Departemen P dan K waktu itu) yang telah memberi kaca pembesar sehingga membantu proses belajarku dan   Udinus yang telah melatih mengoperasikan computer bicara sehingga melancarkan aktivitas belajar dan kegiatan-kegiatan lain dalam proses kehidupan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pemberontakan Terhadap Proteksi&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada hari Jumat setelah solat Jumat (maaf lupa tanggal, bulan, dan tahunnya), saya bicara kepada bapak untuk meminta izin beraktivitas sesuai kemampuan sebagai tunanetra tanpa harus sibuk menjawab :seluruh” pertanyaan beliau. Perlu diketahui, bahwa sebagai wujud perhatian orang tua, tiap kali akan melakukan kegiatan perlu menjawab banyak sekali pertanyaan dari mereka. Pertanyaan itu sebetulnya untuk menggali informasi agar mereka tahu persis kegiatan yang akan saya lakukan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mengapa menjawab petanyaan saja menggangguku? Pertanyaan itu bernada cemas sehingga wujud pertanyaan itu “kurasakan sebagai belenggu”. Saya sebagai tunanetra yang sedang mencoba bangkit merasa lelah jika tenaga yang akan dipakai untuk bangkit terkuras untuk menjawab pertanyaan yang menyelimuti tiap gerak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lalu di manakah posisi orang tua yang kuharap? Sungguh saya harap mereka cukup mengamati gerakku saja tanpa terlibat di dalamnya. Mereka kuharap terlibat saat kuminta bantuannya yaitu saat kemampuanku terbentur pada kondisi sudah tidak bisa lagi.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Titik Balik Pencerahan&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kebingungan menghadapi kondisi tunanetra mencapai titik puncaknya. Kondisi putus asa mulai menyelimuti jiwa. Ketidaktahuan harus menyikapi keadaan tunanetra membuatku makin terpuruk.   &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Kondisi ini kuadukan kepada Allah SWT dalam doa-doaku. Saat itu ada ilham yang kuterima dan masuk dalam alam pikiranku, “Mengapa sedih? Dalam Kondisimu yang buta itu justru kamu dapat melihat keagungan Tuhanmu yang tidak cacat dan Maha Sempurna”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ilham itu merupakan titik balik semangatku untuk bangkit. Oleh karena itu judul tulisan ini adalah “Glokoma teman Karibku Untuk Ingat Tuhan” karena tiap sadar bahwa saya buta, maka ddi saat itulah ingat kepada Tuhan. Ingat kepada Tuhan itulah yang mengobarkan semangatku.&lt;br /&gt;   &lt;br /&gt;Organisasi Sebagai Terapi Sosial&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada kondisi sudah tunanetra total, timbul pertanyaan Lalu harus bagaimana? Pertanyaan ini bermaksud bahwa hidup masih harus dijalani, apakah harus diam saja padahal hidup terus berjalan? Tentu tidak. Hidup harus dijalani dengan menyikapi sesuai kondisi apa pun yang terjadi.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Di posisi inilah teman seperjuangan sangat diperlukan. Di manakah teman yang seperjuangan bisa diperoleh? Mereka bisa kita peroleh jika mendatangi komunitasnya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sesama penyandang tunanetra dapat memberi kontribusi berupa pengalaman-pengalaman selama mereka menjalani hidup sebagai tunanetra. Berbagai pengalaman dari alat Bantu sebagai tunanetra dan cara menggunakannya, peluang mata pencaharian, cara berkomunikasi baik sesama tunanetra maupun dengan non tunanetra (biasa disebut orang awas), cara mencari pasangan hidup, dan lain-lain. Bergaul dengan sesama penyandang cacat juga memberi dukungan psikis untuk melanjutkan hidup dan berinteraksi dengan mereka yang bukan penyandang cacat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Proses Pacaran dan Pernikahan&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Salah satu proses dalam hidupku yang penting adalah menemukan pasangan hidup. Dalam perjalanan hidupku mengalami dua kali proses pacaran.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada tiap kali berpacaran saya selalu berusaha membuka semua informasi tentang keterbatasan pengelihatanku. Perlu diketahui pacaran yang pertama kujalani saat pengelihatanku masih cukup mampu untuk memandang objek dalam jarak dekat walaupun proses menuju tunanetra total sangat terasa (tahun 1995-1996). Ada pun pacaran kedua kujalani dalam kurun waktu sejak masih dapat melihat dan mulai tunanetra total (tahun 1996-2001). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Saya pernah dating berkunjung ke rumah pacar dalam keadaan mata masih terbungkus perban karena habis operasi. Saya juga pernah menunjukkan keadaan bola mata yang kotor dan merah setelah operasi. Mengapa hal itu kulakukan? Ini merupakan sarana mencapai suatu keterbukaan bahwa mereka harus tahu dari awal keadaanku tanpa kedok sedikit pun. Cara ini ternyata efetif untuk modal membangun kesamaan pola piker untuk menuju kesamaan pola tindak dalam jenjang kehidupan berikutnya.&lt;br /&gt;   &lt;br /&gt;I. Mata Pencaharian&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Salah satu kesulitan besar dalam hidup sebagai tunanetra adalah dalam menjemput rejeki dari Allah SWT. Mau tidak mau kita harus mengakui bahwa lapangan kerja tunanetra di Indonesia sangat terbatas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada umumnya tunanetra di Indonesia bekerja sebagai pemijat. Ada juga yang menjadi pengajar dan pekerjaan lain seperti pemusik, penyanyi, dan sekarang mulai ada sebagai operator telepon. Pekerjaan apa yang dapat kulakukan untuk menjemput rejeki Tuhan? Pemijat tidak bisa karena saya tidak biasa melakukan pekerjaan berat. Pengajar tidak dapat kulakukan karena tidak mampu membaca literatur, lagi pula lowongan ke sana tidak ada. Pemusik atau penyanyi tidak dapat sebab tidak punya kemampuan musik. Sedangkan untuk belajar menjadi operator telepon saat itu tidak dapat kulakukan karena untuk menuju ke tempat pelatihan tidak dapat kujalani. Pelatihan menjadi operator dilakukan di Yayasan Mitra Netra Jakarta, saya tidak dapat mobilitas sendiri secara mandiri di tempat yang belum pernah kudatangi sebelumnya.   &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada saat itu saya bingung harus melangkah ke mana untuk bekerja. Saat itulah pertolongan Allah SWT datang. Calon ibu mertuaku usul mendirikan usaha Warung Telkom (Wartel). Usaha inilah yang mulanya kujalani. Modal pendirian berasal dariku, sedangkan yang mengoperasikan calon istriku bersama keluarganya. Usaha ini berkembang sehingga sekarang saya punya dua wartel dengan macam produk yang dijual beraneka macam tidak hanya jasa telekomunikasi saja.&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;J. Anakku Hampir Jadi Korban Salah Obat Seperti Bapaknya&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada saat kelahiran anakku, RS Telogorejo mengambil langkah yang luar biasa. Mereka meminta dokter mata melalui dokter anak untuk memriksa  apakah anakku ada kemungkinan menurun Glokoma dari bapaknya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hasil pemeriksaan dokter mata yang diberitahukan kepadaku melalui dokter anak adalah anakku dikatakan mempunyai kemungkinan berlensa silindris dan kapiler saluran cairan bola matanya kecil.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pada usia 40 hari, bola mata anakku memerah dan banyak mengeluarkan air mata. Kami memeriksakannya ke dokter mata yang memriksanya saat baru lahir. Beliau kaget saat tahu bahwa anakku mempunyai bapak penderita Glokoma. Beliau memintaku memeriksakan anakku ke dokter mata yang khusus Glokoma.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Permintaan itu kuterima sebagai saran tetapi belum kujalankan karena konsentrasi kami masih pada penyembuhan bola mata anakku yang memerah, lagi pula sepengetahuanku dokter Glokoma saat itu di kota Semarang tidak ada karena dr.Siti Cahyono telah meninggal. Satu-satunya jalan adalah membawanya ke dr.Sri Nagar di Jakarta karena beliau dokter yang telah kukenal dan tahu riwayat penyakitku. Sedangkan untuk membawa ke Jakarta bayi usia 40 hari adalah sangat berisiko tinggi.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oleh karena kami tidak segera membawa Gadang anakku ke Jakarta, dokter mata Semarang itu akan memberi obat Glokoma. Saya menolak dengan tegas karena menurutku tindakan pemberian obat Glokoma itu adalah berdasar kekhawatiran saja dan bukan diagnosa setelah pemeriksaan.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oleh karena bingung harus berbuat apa, saya menelpon dr.Sri Nagar. Beliau menyatakan, bahwa Glokoma yang kusandang adalah karena kkesalahan pemberian obat, maka kemungkinan menurun insya Allah tidak ada. Berkaitan dengan Gadang, beliau menyarankan pemeriksaan kepada drVivin Lutfia Rahmi di Semarang karena saat ini sedang menekuni Glokoma.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa Gadang tidak ada tanda-tanda Glokoma. Bola mata yang merah dan banyak mengeluarkan air mata karena saluran pembuangan air matanya belum sempurna. Langkah untuk memastikan adanya Glokoma atau gangguan pengelihatan lainnya adalah jika bayi telah berumur enam bulan. Jika pada umur itu bayi belum respon terhadap objek di sekitarnya, maka harus diperiksa kesehatan pengelihatannya. Syukurlah mulai sejak sebelum enam bulan Gadang merespon objek di sekitarnya dengan baik sehingga insya Allah Glokomaku tidak menurun kepada Gadang.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1786819886951364847-3918732819140646719?l=suryandar.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/feeds/3918732819140646719/comments/default' title='Poskan Komentar'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=1786819886951364847&amp;postID=3918732819140646719' title='7 Komentar'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/3918732819140646719'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1786819886951364847/posts/default/3918732819140646719'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://suryandar.blogspot.com/2008/11/glaukoma-teman-karibku-untuk-ingat.html' title='GLAUKOMA TEMAN KARIBKU UNTUK INGAT TUHAN'/><author><name>Suryandaru</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17479534402213098757</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry></feed>
